Category: Fabrication

What are Test Chips in VLSI

A test chip is a small-scale integrated circuit that is specifically designed for testing purposes, feasibility checks and performance analysis. It serves as a platform for evaluating the functionality of individual circuit blocks, testing the reliability of manufacturing processes, and…

What is MPW in VLSI

MPW stands for Multi-Project Wafer, which is a cost-effective way to prototype integrated circuits. In an MPW, multiple projects share a single wafer during the fabrication process, which enables lower costs by spreading the cost of the wafer among multiple…

What is a Wafer in VLSI

A wafer is a thin slice of semiconductor material, typically made of silicon, that serves as the substrate for the fabrication of integrated circuits in the field of VLSI. During the fabrication process, the wafer undergoes a series of processes…

PMOS is no longer the Culprit

MOS scaling has introduced many undesired effects, known second order ones being channel length modulation, velocity saturation, mobility degradation etc. These are introducing a new set of challenges for the designers. From the performance perspective, supply voltage scaling has reduced…